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1. Middle East

• Often considered the heartland of Islam, prayer practices here are generally seen as the standard.
• In Saudi Arabia, businesses close during prayer times, and public life pauses.
• The call to prayer (Adhan) is broadcast publicly in most countries.

Example: Egypt

• Al-Azhar mosque in Cairo is a center for Islamic learning and prayer.
• During Ramadan, extended Taraweeh prayers are a significant communal event.

2. South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh)

• Prayer rugs often feature intricate designs reflecting local artistry.
• Many mosques have separate areas for women, often on a different floor or behind partitions.

Example: Pakistan

• The Faisal Mosque in Islamabad can accommodate 100,000 worshippers.
• Qawwali, a form of Sufi devotional music, is sometimes performed after prayers.

3. Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia)

• Islam here often blends with local traditions, resulting in unique practices.
• Many mosques incorporate local architectural styles.

Example: Indonesia

• The Istiqlal Mosque in Jakarta is the largest in Southeast Asia.
• Some regions, like Aceh, enforce stricter adherence to prayer times.

4. Africa

• Islamic practices often incorporate pre-existing cultural elements.
• In some regions, Islam coexists with traditional African religions.

Example: Senegal

• The Grand Mosque of Touba is a major pilgrimage site.
• Sufi brotherhoods play a significant role in religious life and prayer practices.

5. Europe and North America

• Muslims here often adapt prayer practices to fit work and school schedules.
• Mosques frequently serve as community centers, offering various services beyond prayer.

Example: United States

• The Islamic Center of America in Dearborn, Michigan, is one of the largest mosques in North America.
• Many Muslims use mobile apps to determine prayer times and direction of Qibla.

6. Central Asia

• Islamic practices here were influenced by Soviet-era restrictions and are now experiencing a revival.
• Nomadic traditions have influenced some prayer practices.

Example: Uzbekistan

• The Bibi-Khanym Mosque in Samarkand reflects the region's rich Islamic history.
• Some practitioners incorporate elements of Sufism into their prayer rituals.

Conclusion

While the fundamental aspects of Islamic prayer remain constant globally, cultural variations add richness and diversity to Muslim prayer practices worldwide. These differences reflect the adaptability of Islam to various cultural contexts while maintaining its core principles.